Abstract
We have developed methods for covalently joining duplex DNA molecules to one another and have used these techniques to construct circular dimers of SV40 DNA and to insert a DNA segment containing lambda phage genes and the galactose operon of E. coli into SV40 DNA. The method involves: (a) converting circular SV40 DNA to a linear form, (b) adding single-stranded homodeoxypolymeric extensions of defined composition and length to the 3′ ends of one of the DNA strands with the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (c) adding complementary homodeoxypolymeric extensions to the other DNA strand, (d) annealing the two DNA molecules to form a circular duplex structure, and (e) filling the gaps and sealing nicks in this structure with E. coli DNA polymerase and DNA ligase to form a covalently closed-circular DNA molecule.
Keywords: molecular hybrids, DNA joining, viral transformation, genetic transfer
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Chang L. M., Bollum F. J. Enzymatic synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides. Biochemistry. 1971 Feb 2;10(3):536–542. doi: 10.1021/bi00779a029. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dulbecco R. Cell transformation by viruses. Science. 1969 Nov 21;166(3908):962–968. doi: 10.1126/science.166.3908.962. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jovin T. M., Englund P. T., Bertsch L. L. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XXVI. Physical and chemical studies of a homogeneous deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. J Biol Chem. 1969 Jun 10;244(11):2996–3008. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kato K. I., Gonçalves J. M., Houts G. E., Bollum F. J. Deoxynucleotide-polymerizing enzymes of calf thymus gland. II. Properties of the terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1967 Jun 10;242(11):2780–2789. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Little J. W. An exonuclease induced by bacteriophage lambda. II. Nature of the enzymatic reaction. J Biol Chem. 1967 Feb 25;242(4):679–686. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Little J. W., Lehman I. R., Kaiser A. D. An exonuclease induced by bacteriophage lambda. I. Preparation of the crystalline enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1967 Feb 25;242(4):672–678. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Melgar E., Goldthwait D. A. Deoxyribonucleic acid nucleases. II. The effects of metals on the mechanism of action of deoxyribonuclease I. J Biol Chem. 1968 Sep 10;243(17):4409–4416. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Olivera B. M., Hall Z. W., Anraku Y., Chien J. R., Lehman I. R. On the mechanism of the polynucleotide joining reaction. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:27–34. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Olivera B. M., Hall Z. W., Anraku Y., Chien J. R., Lehman I. R. On the mechanism of the polynucleotide joining reaction. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:27–34. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- RICHARDSON C. C., LEHMAN I. R., KORNBERG A. A DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID PHOSPHATASE-EXONUCLEASE FROM ESCHERICHIA COLI. II. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE EXONUCLEASE ACTIVITY. J Biol Chem. 1964 Jan;239:251–258. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Radloff R., Bauer W., Vinograd J. A dye-buoyant-density method for the detection and isolation of closed circular duplex DNA: the closed circular DNA in HeLa cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 May;57(5):1514–1521. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.5.1514. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sambrook J., Westphal H., Srinivasan P. R., Dulbecco R. The integrated state of viral DNA in SV40-transformed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Aug;60(4):1288–1295. doi: 10.1073/pnas.60.4.1288. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sgaramella V., Van de Sande J. H., Khorana H. G. Studies on polynucleotides, C. A novel joining reaction catalyzed by the T4-polynucleotide ligase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Nov;67(3):1468–1475. doi: 10.1073/pnas.67.3.1468. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sheldon R., Jurale C., Kates J. Detection of polyadenylic acid sequences in viral and eukaryotic RNA(polu(U)-cellulose columns-poly(U) filters-fiberglass-HeLa cells-bacteriophage T4). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Feb;69(2):417–421. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.2.417. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Symons R. H. Preparation of [alpha-32P]nucleoside and deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates from 32Pi and protected and unprotected nucleosides. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Oct 22;190(2):548–550. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(69)90105-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]