Abstract
Human embryonic zeta-globin chains are alpha-globin-like chains that are normally present during the first three months of gestation. In this investigation, zeta-globin chains measured by a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay and by an electrophoretic technique were found to be present in all 7 patients studied with hereditary Hb H disease, and in 8 out of 24 patients with alpha-thalassemia trait. zeta-Globin chains were not detected in 20 other patients with beta-thalassemia trait. These results suggest that the deletion of two alpha-globin genes on the same chromosome is accompanied by the continued expression of embryonic zeta-globin genes in adult individuals.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Abraham E. C., Reese A., Stallings M., Huisman T. H. Separation of human hemoglobins by DEAE-cellulose chromatography using glycine-KCN-NaC1 developers. Hemoglobin. 1976;1(1):27–44. doi: 10.3109/03630267609031020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Alter B. P., Goff S. C., Efremov G. D., Gravely M. E., Huisman T. H. Globin chain electrophoresis: a new approach to the determination of the G gamma/A gamma ratio in fetal haemoglobin and to studies of globin synthesis. Br J Haematol. 1980 Apr;44(4):527–534. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1980.tb08706.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Aschauer H., Sanguansermsri T., Braunitzer G. Embryonale Hämoglobine des Menschen: Die Primärstruktur der zeta-Ketten. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1981 Aug;362(8):1159–1162. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bernards R., Flavell R. A. Physical mapping of the globin gene deletion in hereditary persistence of foetal haemoglobin (HPFH). Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Apr 11;8(7):1521–1534. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.7.1521. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brotherton T. W., Chui D. H., Gauldie J., Patterson M. Hemoglobin ontogeny during normal mouse fetal development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jun;76(6):2853–2857. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.6.2853. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Capp G. L., Rigas D. A., Jones R. T. Hemoglobin Portland 1: a new human hemoglobin unique in structure. Science. 1967 Jul 7;157(3784):65–66. doi: 10.1126/science.157.3784.65. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chui D. H., Wong S. C., Enkin M. W., Patterson M., Ives R. A. Proportion of fetal hemoglobin synthesis decreases during erythroid cell maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 May;77(5):2757–2761. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2757. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clegg J. B., Gagnon J. Structure of the zeta chain of human embryonic hemoglobin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6076–6080. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.10.6076. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dozy A. M., Kan Y. W., Embury S. H., Mentzer W. C., Wang W. C., Lubin B., Davis J. R., Jr, Koenig H. M. alpha-Globin gene organisation in blacks precludes the severe form of alpha-thalassaemia. Nature. 1979 Aug 16;280(5723):605–607. doi: 10.1038/280605a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fritsch E. F., Lawn R. M., Maniatis T. Characterisation of deletions which affect the expression of fetal globin genes in man. Nature. 1979 Jun 14;279(5714):598–603. doi: 10.1038/279598a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- GREENWOOD F. C., HUNTER W. M., GLOVER J. S. THE PREPARATION OF I-131-LABELLED HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE OF HIGH SPECIFIC RADIOACTIVITY. Biochem J. 1963 Oct;89:114–123. doi: 10.1042/bj0890114. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Garver F. A., Baker M. B., Jones C. S., Gravely M., Altay G., Huisman T. H. Radioimmunoassay for abnormal hemoglobins. Science. 1977 Jun 17;196(4296):1334–1336. doi: 10.1126/science.867032. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lie-Injo L. E., Dozy A. M., Kan Y. W., Lopes M., Todd D. The alpha-globin gene adjacent to the gene for HbQ-alpha 74 Asp replaced by His is deleted, but not that adjacent to the gene for HbG-alpha 30 Glu replaced by Gln; three-fourths of the alpha-globin genes are deleted in HbQ-alpha-thalassemia. Blood. 1979 Dec;54(6):1407–1416. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Liebhaber S. A., Kan Y. W. Molecular pathology of alpha-thalassemia. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1982;18(7):35–44. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orkin S. H., Old J., Lazarus H., Altay C., Gurgey A., Weatherall D. J., Nathan D. G. The molecular basis of alpha-thalassemias: frequent occurrence of dysfunctional alpha loci among non-Asians with Hb H disease. Cell. 1979 May;17(1):33–42. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90292-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pirastu M., Lee K. Y., Dozy A. M., Kan Y. W., Stamatoyannopoulos G., Hadjiminas M. G., Zachariades Z., Angius A., Furbetta M., Rosatelli C. Alpha-thalassemia in two Mediterranean populations. Blood. 1982 Aug;60(2):509–512. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Proudfoot N. J., Gil A., Maniatis T. The structure of the human zeta-globin gene and a closely linked, nearly identical pseudogene. Cell. 1982 Dec;31(3 Pt 2):553–563. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90311-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Randhawa Z. I., Jones R. T., Lie-Injo L. E. Human hemoglobin Portland II (zeta 2 beta 2). Isolation and characterization of Portland hemoglobin components and their constituent globin chains. J Biol Chem. 1984 Jun 10;259(11):7325–7330. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Todd D., Lai M. C., Beaven G. H., Huehns E. R. The abnormal haemoglobins in homozygous alpha-thalassaemia. Br J Haematol. 1970 Jul;19(1):27–31. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1970.tb01598.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Walker W. H. An approach to immunoassay. Clin Chem. 1977 Feb;23(2 Pt 2):384–402. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weatherall D. J., Clegg J. B., Boon W. H. The haemoglobin constitution of infants with the haemoglobin Bart's hydrops foetalis syndrome. Br J Haematol. 1970 Mar;18(3):357–367. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1970.tb01449.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weatherall D. J., Higgs D. R., Clegg J. B., Wood W. G. The significance of haemoglobin H in patients with mental retardation or myeloproliferative disease. Br J Haematol. 1982 Nov;52(3):351–355. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1982.tb03904.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wong S. C., Ali M. A. Hemoglobin E diseases: hematological, analytical, and biosynthetic studies in homozygotes and double heterozygotes for alpha-thalassemia. Am J Hematol. 1982 Aug;13(1):15–21. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2830130104. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]