Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1990 Feb;87(4):1421–1425. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.4.1421

Cross-linking Fc receptors stimulate splenic non-B, non-T cells to secrete interleukin 4 and other lymphokines.

S Z Ben-Sasson 1, G Le Gros 1, D H Conrad 1, F D Finkelman 1, W E Paul 1
PMCID: PMC53487  PMID: 2106135

Abstract

Spleen cell populations depleted of both B and T lymphocytes produce interleukin 4 (IL-4) in response to stimulation with immunoglobulins bound to the surface of culture dishes. In the presence of interleukin 3 (IL-3), plate-bound (PB) IgE and PB-IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b are excellent stimulants, whereas PB-IgA and PB-IgM fail to stimulate IL-4 production. In the absence of IL-3, PB-IgE stimulates relatively modest production of IL-4, whereas PB-IgG2a generally does not. The response to PB-IgE is inhibited by soluble IgE; antibody to Fc gamma receptor II inhibits the response to PB-IgG2a. Thus, separate receptors mediate these stimulations, and Fc receptor cross-linkage is required for IL-4 production. Depletion of cells expressing asialo-GM1 does not diminish IL-4 production in response to PB immunoglobulins, indicating that natural killer cells are not essential for non-B, non-T cell production of IL-4. In addition to IL-4, non-B, non-T cells produce IL-3, but no detectable interleukin 2 or interferon gamma. Non-B, non-T cells may be an important source of lymphokines in a variety of immune responses and may serve to amplify the effects of T cells of the TH2 type.

Full text

PDF
1422

Images in this article

1422Image
on p.1422
1423Image
on p.1423

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Brown M. A., Pierce J. H., Watson C. J., Falco J., Ihle J. N., Paul W. E. B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin-4 mRNA is expressed by normal and transformed mast cells. Cell. 1987 Aug 28;50(5):809–818. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90339-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Burd P. R., Rogers H. W., Gordon J. R., Martin C. A., Jayaraman S., Wilson S. D., Dvorak A. M., Galli S. J., Dorf M. E. Interleukin 3-dependent and -independent mast cells stimulated with IgE and antigen express multiple cytokines. J Exp Med. 1989 Jul 1;170(1):245–257. doi: 10.1084/jem.170.1.245. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Coffman R. L. Surface antigen expression and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement during mouse pre-B cell development. Immunol Rev. 1982;69:5–23. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1983.tb00446.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Crapper R. M., Schrader J. W. Frequency of mast cell precursors in normal tissues determined by an in vitro assay: antigen induces parallel increases in the frequency of P cell precursors and mast cells. J Immunol. 1983 Aug;131(2):923–928. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cuturi M. C., Anegón I., Sherman F., Loudon R., Clark S. C., Perussia B., Trinchieri G. Production of hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors by human natural killer cells. J Exp Med. 1989 Feb 1;169(2):569–583. doi: 10.1084/jem.169.2.569. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dexter T. M., Garland J., Scott D., Scolnick E., Metcalf D. Growth of factor-dependent hemopoietic precursor cell lines. J Exp Med. 1980 Oct 1;152(4):1036–1047. doi: 10.1084/jem.152.4.1036. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dialynas D. P., Quan Z. S., Wall K. A., Pierres A., Quintáns J., Loken M. R., Pierres M., Fitch F. W. Characterization of the murine T cell surface molecule, designated L3T4, identified by monoclonal antibody GK1.5: similarity of L3T4 to the human Leu-3/T4 molecule. J Immunol. 1983 Nov;131(5):2445–2451. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Finkelman F. D., Kessler S. W., Mushinski J. F., Potter M. IgD-secreting murine plasmacytomas: identification and partial characterization of two IgD myeloma proteins. J Immunol. 1981 Feb;126(2):680–687. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Finkelman F. D., Snapper C. M., Mountz J. D., Katona I. M. Polyclonal activation of the murine immune system by a goat antibody to mouse IgD. IX. Induction of a polyclonal IgE response. J Immunol. 1987 May 1;138(9):2826–2830. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Grabstein K., Eisenman J., Mochizuki D., Shanebeck K., Conlon P., Hopp T., March C., Gillis S. Purification to homogeneity of B cell stimulating factor. A molecule that stimulates proliferation of multiple lymphokine-dependent cell lines. J Exp Med. 1986 Jun 1;163(6):1405–1414. doi: 10.1084/jem.163.6.1405. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Habu S., Fukui H., Shimamura K., Kasai M., Nagai Y., Okumura K., Tamaoki N. In vivo effects of anti-asialo GM1. I. Reduction of NK activity and enhancement of transplanted tumor growth in nude mice. J Immunol. 1981 Jul;127(1):34–38. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Howard M., Farrar J., Hilfiker M., Johnson B., Takatsu K., Hamaoka T., Paul W. E. Identification of a T cell-derived b cell growth factor distinct from interleukin 2. J Exp Med. 1982 Mar 1;155(3):914–923. doi: 10.1084/jem.155.3.914. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hu-Li J., Ohara J., Watson C., Tsang W., Paul W. E. Derivation of a T cell line that is highly responsive to IL-4 and IL-2 (CT.4R) and of an IL-2 hyporesponsive mutant of that line (CT.4S). J Immunol. 1989 Feb 1;142(3):800–807. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ishizaka K., Tomioka H., Ishizaka T. Mechanisms of passive sensitization. I. Presence of IgE and IgG molecules on human leukocytes. J Immunol. 1970 Dec;105(6):1459–1467. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jarrett E. E., Stewart D. C. Potentiation of rat reaginic (IgE) antibody by helminth infection. Simultaneous potentiation of separate reagins. Immunology. 1972 Nov;23(5):749–755. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kappler J. W., Skidmore B., White J., Marrack P. Antigen-inducible, H-2-restricted, interleukin-2-producing T cell hybridomas. Lack of independent antigen and H-2 recognition. J Exp Med. 1981 May 1;153(5):1198–1214. doi: 10.1084/jem.153.5.1198. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Kasahara T., Djeu J. Y., Dougherty S. F., Oppenheim J. J. Capacity of human large granular lymphocytes (LGL) to produce multiple lymphokines: interleukin 2, interferon, and colony stimulating factor. J Immunol. 1983 Nov;131(5):2379–2385. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kasai M., Iwamori M., Nagai Y., Okumura K., Tada T. A glycolipid on the surface of mouse natural killer cells. Eur J Immunol. 1980 Mar;10(3):175–180. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830100304. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kupfer A., Swain S. L., Singer S. J. The specific direct interaction of helper T cells and antigen-presenting B cells. II. Reorientation of the microtubule organizing center and reorganization of the membrane-associated cytoskeleton inside the bound helper T cells. J Exp Med. 1987 Jun 1;165(6):1565–1580. doi: 10.1084/jem.165.6.1565. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Le Gros G. S., Le Gros J. E., Watson J. D. The induction of lymphokine synthesis and cell growth in IL 3-dependent cell lines using antigen-antibody complexes. J Immunol. 1987 Jul 15;139(2):422–428. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Ledbetter J. A., Herzenberg L. A. Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens. Immunol Rev. 1979;47:63–90. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1979.tb00289.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Leo O., Foo M., Sachs D. H., Samelson L. E., Bluestone J. A. Identification of a monoclonal antibody specific for a murine T3 polypeptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(5):1374–1378. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.5.1374. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Liu F. T., Bohn J. W., Ferry E. L., Yamamoto H., Molinaro C. A., Sherman L. A., Klinman N. R., Katz D. H. Monoclonal dinitrophenyl-specific murine IgE antibody: preparation, isolation, and characterization. J Immunol. 1980 Jun;124(6):2728–2737. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Mosmann T. R., Cherwinski H., Bond M. W., Giedlin M. A., Coffman R. L. Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins. J Immunol. 1986 Apr 1;136(7):2348–2357. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Ohara J., Paul W. E. Production of a monoclonal antibody to and molecular characterization of B-cell stimulatory factor-1. Nature. 1985 May 23;315(6017):333–336. doi: 10.1038/315333a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Paul W. E. Pleiotropy and redundancy: T cell-derived lymphokines in the immune response. Cell. 1989 May 19;57(4):521–524. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90121-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Plaut M., Pierce J. H., Watson C. J., Hanley-Hyde J., Nordan R. P., Paul W. E. Mast cell lines produce lymphokines in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon RI or to calcium ionophores. Nature. 1989 May 4;339(6219):64–67. doi: 10.1038/339064a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Poo W. J., Conrad L., Janeway C. A., Jr Receptor-directed focusing of lymphokine release by helper T cells. Nature. 1988 Mar 24;332(6162):378–380. doi: 10.1038/332378a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Sarmiento M., Glasebrook A. L., Fitch F. W. IgG or IgM monoclonal antibodies reactive with different determinants on the molecular complex bearing Lyt 2 antigen block T cell-mediated cytolysis in the absence of complement. J Immunol. 1980 Dec;125(6):2665–2672. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Tepper R. I., Pattengale P. K., Leder P. Murine interleukin-4 displays potent anti-tumor activity in vivo. Cell. 1989 May 5;57(3):503–512. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90925-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Unkeless J. C., Scigliano E., Freedman V. H. Structure and function of human and murine receptors for IgG. Annu Rev Immunol. 1988;6:251–281. doi: 10.1146/annurev.iy.06.040188.001343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Wodnar-Filipowicz A., Heusser C. H., Moroni C. Production of the haemopoietic growth factors GM-CSF and interleukin-3 by mast cells in response to IgE receptor-mediated activation. Nature. 1989 May 11;339(6220):150–152. doi: 10.1038/339150a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES